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Sections: biography | Reporter | Photographer | Writer | Reformer | Lecturer | allied | Riis and also Reform | Legacy
as soon as Jacob Riis published How the Other fifty percent Lives in 1890, the U.S. Census bureau ranked brand-new York as the most densely populated city in the joined States—1.5 million inhabitants. Riis claimed that every square mile, the was one of the most densely inhabited places on the planet. The city is pictured in this large-scale panoramic map, a renowned cartographic type used come depict U.S. And also Canadian cities and also towns during the late nineteenth and also early twenty centuries. Known also as bird’s-eye views or perspective maps, panoramic maps render areas as if regarded from over at an slope angle. Although not generally drawn to scale, they display street patterns, individual buildings, and significant landscape features in perspective. This map helps visualize the too much density, specifically in the reduced East and also West political parties of Manhattan, and also Jacob Riis’s lifelong concern with ameliorating the the majority of those that resided in its crowded slums.
As branch of brand-new York, Riis’s friend Theodore Roosevelt appointed a Tenement home Commission, i m sorry led in 1901 to the creation of the Tenement house Department, headed by one more Riis friend, Robert de woodland of the Charity organization Society. Riis and this one of municipal citizen-reformers, which had social welfare activists Josephine shaw Lowell and Lillian Wald, functioned to gather statistics evidence and raise public awareness. They promoted for new housing draft to lull crowding and improve fire safety, sanitation, and access to air and light. Riis defined the development of tenement home reform as a forty-year effort, which included demolishing the 5 Points and Mulberry bend neighborhoods, initiating new construction, clean the streets, creating parks and playgrounds, tearing under rear tenements, and also cutting much more than 40,000 home windows through internal walls come let in light.
Flat in Hell’s Kitchen ~ above the West Side
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Public Health
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“Playgrounds together a Cure for City Crime,” Brooklyn Times, April 27, 1900, from page in Riis’s scrapbook. Jacob A. Riis Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of conference (017.00.00)
Riis photographed a privately funded, experimental playground in ~ West 28th Street in between 11th and also 12th Avenues, the baltoalsimce.orgk pictured in the map above, where tools was installed, and a janitor and also two teachers were hired to caltoalsimce.orgk the children. Riis explained the park: “It to be not precisely an attractive place. . . . However the kids thought it lovely, and also lovely it to be for poor Gap, if no for fifth Avenue.” Riis helped create several little public parks in tenement communities including a park top top Rivington Street. This petition, signed by 300 institution girls “to make the corporation garden at the foot the Rivington St. Right into a windy play-ground,” succeeded. Hamilton Fish Park opened up in 1900.
Crime
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Piece Work—Cigar-Making
Riis devoted a thing of How the Other half Lives come “The Bohemians—Tenement-House Cigar Making.” Riis described these eastern European immigrant as working seventeen-hour days, seven days a week, inside their apartments rank through toxic fumes, do pennies an hour through stripping and drying piles of tobacco leaves and also rolling perfect products. In the Riis photograph, the parents work at the cigar mold and also their earliest child, in ~ the center of the frame, prepares the tobacco pipeline for rolling.
Fire insurance Map
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Educating the Young
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Immigration
In Jersey Street
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Sections: biography | Reporter | Photographer | Writer | Reformer | Lecturer | allied | Riis and Reform | Legacy
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