
You are watching: What does hg stand for in measurement
The most usual unit of vacuum measurement provided in phibìc America for general vacuum is customs of mercury denoted through “Hg, whereby (“) ad to direct inches and also Hg is the chemical symbol for mercury. The most important allude to understand around “Hg is the it is a measure of differential pressure. In vacuum terms, this means that “Hg is the difference between the approximately atmospheric pressure and the vacuum that has been developed in an application. Fig. 1 reflects this graphically.
Inches that mercury ad to simply that–a straight measurement the mercury. Fig. 2 illustrates a glass tube the is some 3-ft high. Mercury is poured into this tube and also settles in ~ the same elevation on both sides of the apparatus because the atmospheric push is the very same on every column. When a vacuum is used to one next of the tube, the greater atmospheric press pushes the mercury down, in this case, by 27 inches. Therefore, the vacuum being developed is 27″Hg or 27 inches of mercury.

If, for example, the machinery was at a really high altitude, such together in Denver, Co., the atmospheric press is reduced and also therefore, the feasible DIFFERENTIAL pressure that have the right to be created additionally is reduced. The mean atmospheric push in Denver is about 12.1 psi, and the pressure differential that deserve to be created is only 24.63″Hg. Therefore, vacuum-lifting apparatus would certainly be less reliable by this reduced pressure differential or vacuum level.

For an ext accurate vacuum applications wherein the user must have a recognized vacuum level, an pure vacuum unit have to be used. Absolute pressure is the relevant factor here, and also an absolute measurement take away its reading based on a datum allude of zero. Zero is always zero and never changes. In phibìc America, “torr” is an extremely popular. Torricelli simply measured straight mercury movement using millimeters and based zero top top a zero atmospheric condition. Therefore, 29.92 inches convert to millimeters is 760 (759.97). A mechanism running in ~ 50% vacuum is one of two people 380 Torr or 15″Hg. However, the torr measurement range is much more accurate together it has actually with a datum suggest of zero atmospheric pressure. 15″Hg is a guide as it’s taken from a differing atmospheric pressure. This counter is simple using 50%, but if the torr analysis were 200, then the equivalent in “Hg would certainly be 21.75. Describe Fig. 3 for this to compare scale.

Often provided on a vacuum gauge is –kPa. This is a advantageous unit that measurement as it to represent the percent of vacuum and also is widely provided when stating a general vacuum system. The user could, because that example, describe to one engineer that they require “about 80% vacuum,” i m sorry is -80kPa from atmospheric pressure. Regardless of the ar of these two people and what unit that measurement castle are much more familiar with, percentage vacuum is straightforward to understand and verbally communicate. Fig. 5 compares every these measurement scale for simple reference.
Vacuum is the removal or reduction of atmospheric pressure. Relying on the application, the vacuum level might require a high accuracy, which method an absolute measurement unit such as torr or mbar(a) need to be used, yet in general vacuum applications, “Hg offers straightforward guide to achieving a simple vacuum condition.
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This write-up is intended together a general guide and also as with any type of industrial application involving machinery choice, independent professional advice need to be sought come ensure correct an option and installation.